a) Cyclone separator
b) Electrostatic precipitators
c) Fabric filters
2.6 Chimney/Stack
l) The chimney should have a minimum height of 10 metres above ground level and clear the highest point of the building by not less than 3 metres for all roofs. The topography and height of adjacent buildings within 50 metres radius should be taken into account.
m) The chimney should be visible to the operator from the feeding area.
n) The minimum exit velocity should be 10 metres per second and at least twice the surrounding wind speed (Efflux velocity = wind speed x 2) whichever is higher to ensure no down washing of exiting gases.
o) The point for measurement of emissions shall be provided.
2.7 Instrumentation
a) Instrument for determining the inside wall temperature and not burner flame temperature must be provided for both primary and secondary chambers.
b) An audible and visible alarm must be installed to warn the operator when the secondary chamber temperature drops to below the required temperature.
c) A carbon monoxide and oxygen meter/recorder should be provided
d) A smoke density meter/recorder should be provided.
e) A solid particulate meter/recorder should be provided.
f) Any other instrument that may be considered necessary.
2.9 Emission Limits
a) Combustion efficiency (C.E) shall be at least 99.00% where C.E = %Carbon dioxide x 100 / [% Carbon dioxide + carbon monoxide]
b) The temperature of the primary chamber shall be 800 +/- 50 degrees centigrade
c) The secondary chamber gas residence time shall be at least 1 second at 1050 +/- 50 degrees centigrade with 3% oxygen in the stack gas.
d) Opacity of the smoke must not exceed 20% viewed from 50 metres with naked eyes.
e) All the emission to the air other than steam or water vapour must be odourless and free of mist, fume and droplets.
f) A 99.99% destruction and removal efficiency (DRE) for each principal organic hazardous constituent (POHC) in the waste feed where DRE [ ( Win – Wout) /Win ] x 100 where Win = mass feed rate of the POHC in the waste stream fed to incinerator and Wout = mass emission rate of POHC in the stack prior to the release to the atmosphere.
g) The average dioxin and furan concentration in the emission should not exceed 80mg/m3 total dioxins and furans if measured for a period of 6 to 16 hours.